Applications and Potential of Genome-Editing Systems in Rice Improvement: Current and Future Perspectives

Food crop production and quality are two major attributes that ensure food security. Rice is one of the sources feeds half world’s population. Therefore, to feed about 10 billion people by 2050, there a need develop high-yielding grain rice varieties, with greater pace. Although conventional mutation breeding techniques have played significant role in development desired varieties past, due certain limitations, these cannot fulfill high demands for present era. However, can be improved employing new techniques, such as genome editing tools (GETs), efficiency. These tools, including clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) systems, revolutionized breeding. The protocol CRISPR/Cas9 systems technology, its variants, most reliable efficient, been established crops. New GETs, CRISPR/Cas12, base editors, also applied improve it. Recombinases prime potential make edits more precisely efficiently. Briefly, this review, we discuss advancements made CRISPR their applications, yield, abiotic stress tolerance, quality, disease herbicide resistance, addition regulatory aspects risks associated genetically modified plants. We focus on limitations future prospects GETs quality.